PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), UPVC (Unplasticized PVC), and CPVC (Chlorinated PVC) pipes and fittings are popular choices for various applications due to their:

1. Corrosion resistance
2. Chemical resistance
3. Durability
4. Low maintenance
5. Cost-effectiveness

Key differences:

1. PVC: Flexible and suitable for irrigation, plumbing, and sewage systems.
2. UPVC: Rigid and suitable for industrial, chemical, and water treatment applications.
3. CPVC: High-temperature resistance, suitable for hot water, industrial, and chemical applications.

Applications:

1. Water supply and distribution
2. Sewage and drainage systems
3. Industrial processing and chemical handling
4. Irrigation and agriculture
5. Plumbing and HVAC systems

Manufacturers:

1. Astral Poly Technik
2. Finolex Industries
3. Supreme Industries
4. Prince Piping Systems
5. Ashirvad Pipes

Standards and Regulations:

1. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)
2. NSF International (National Sanitation Foundation)
3. ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
4. Local and national plumbing and building codes